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OCEANIC PELAGIC ZONE
DECEMBER 04, 2020
BY: DAMARIS POLANCO and RACHEL TUGUTU
ABSTRACT
A brief summary of Oceanic Pelagic Zone:
THE PACIFIC OCEAN TERRITORY OF MARINES:
The Evolution of oceanic Pelagic Zone marine fish in Pacific Ocean: Observation and Description
The oceanic pelagic zone is known to have one of the most tremendous marine fish deep in the ocean. Oceanic pelagic zones can be in many forms across the global areas of the seas. There are many areas where these zone levels can be found in every form, however, the pelagic zone is one of the most important parts where zone levels could be found compared to other areas of the seas that are close to the shore. Each level is known to have different species that are living in, and each species has their own habitats and living to their level of their adaptations. However, this could result in many different shapes and forms. The division of the seas levels has made it known to be part of the territory between species, where many of the marines cannot cross the boundary.
Key Words: Oceanic Zone, Marine, Pacific Ocean, Abyssopelagic Animal Zone, Anglerfish.
BACKGROUND HISTORY
The Background of Oceanic Pelagic Zones and Its Divisions
Around the globe there’s only one ocean. The World ocean is divided into a number of principal areas with multiple relatively inhabited interchanges among them. The ocean is divided in many sections such as; Pacific, Atlantic, Indian, Arctic, and Southern. The existence of the Oceans has been around for so many years, each ocean zone is known to have different kinds of marine. The major factor of the ocean, the majority of the seas creations doesn’t have the ability to come across the shore, scientifical this could result in their level of adaptation where some of the mammals have the ability to see in the dark compared to the marines that have the potential to see the light. In fact, these marines can spend their entire lives not knowing what there are things that are exciting outside their world. In contrast, the deep opening of the sea, mammals and other organisms can have a high chance of experiencing the outside world in and out such as sea turtles, dolphins, sea lions, and killer whales. There are the majority of sea marines that would not be able to survive outside of their territory, their survival will be based on their adaptations and the safety of their surroundings.
OCEANIC PELAGIC ZONES
Types of Pelagic Zones, Characteristic, and Adaptations
In the world that is surrounded by ocean, there are many areas that the oceans have which is known as the Pelagic Zone. The pelagic zone is one of the water columns as part of the sea compared to other seas that are near the coast or the sea floor. Furthermore, the ocean has divided into multiple four sections such as; epipelagic zone, mesopelagic zone, bathypelagic zone, abyssopelagic zone, and hadopelagic zone. The following are the territory of the sea levels; Epipelagic Zone: Epipelagic zone is one of the upper layers of the ocean where there’s enough sunlight to algae, and processed by sunlight to produce food. Epipelagic zone reaches from the sea surface down to approximately 200 m (650 feet). The epipelagic is home to all sorts of animals, like whales, dolphins, sharks, and many other groups. Furthermore, the epipelagic zone are responsible for much of the original food production for the entire ocean and create at least 50% of the oxygen in the atmosphere (both through photosynthesis). Marines that live in the epipelagic zone may come into contact with the sea surface. Mesopelagic Zone: The mesopelagic zone which is also known as the middle ocean stretches from the bottom of the epipelagic down to the point where sunlight cannot reach. Around this zone, many marines that live in the Mesopelagic zone will have a speed adaptation due to the low quality of light such as Lantern Fish. Compared to the epipelagic zone, the mesopelagic zone is approximately 1000 m (3300 feet) deep and it’s very wide. Many of the fish live there and they adapt to the low quality of light and temperature. Bathypelagic Zone: The bathypelagic zone is found in between the mesopelagic zone and the abyssopelagic zone. It is nearly 1000-4000 meters deep, that being said no sunlight reaches this point, only bioluminescence. There are no plants due to the lack of sunlight and oxygen levels are very low. Organisms that live in the bathypelagic zone are either predators or survive on leftovers such as marine snow. Marine snow is dead animals, plants, and feces that fall from the top layers. The vampire squid is one of the animals who survives on marine snow. Vampire squids have bioluminescent organs and are able to glow at the ends of their tentacles for several minutes. Being that no sunlight reaches this level, the vampire squid adapted this feature to get away from predators.
Abyssopelagic Zone: The abyssopelagic zone is located right under the bathypelagic zone and above the hadopelagic zone. This zone got its name from the Greek meaning bottomless. Which is about 3000-6000 meters down. This zone is in complete darkness and contains little to no oxygen. Which can oftentimes be a death trap for organisms who find themselves deep in this layer. Although there is no sunlight, plants or oxygen, surprisingly many organisms are found here. “The abyssal zone is the largest living environment on earth, 60% of the earth’s surface ”. Due to marine snow the salt levels are very high in this zone. Many organisms in the abyssal zone are actually blind. One of them being the blind cusk eel, they have no eyes and even lack a swim bladder. Their skin is transparent and what’s even more interesting is that these organisms are underdeveloped. Hadalpelagic Zone: The hadalpelagic zone is the deepest layer of the ocean located under the abyssopelagic zone. Which is an average of 6,000 to 11,000 meters down. Being that this is the deepest layer many of it has been undiscovered. It’s name actually comes from Greek mythology, named after the God Hades underworld. The hadalpelagic zone is so far down that any human would be crushed instantly due to the pressure. It is said that only three people have ever gone down this far to explore the hadalpelagic zone. How is it that organisms can survive due to the pressure? Well they’ve simply adapted, many of them don’t even have air spaces. A few organisms that live here are amphipods, snailfish, and cusk eels.
GRAPHICS OCEAN LAYERS
Vampire squid
Blind cusk eel (Ghost fish)
CITED
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The Evolution Of Koreatown In Manhattan: Kunjip Restaurant
Abstract
There are so many people in koreatown, this includes tourists, people who are going back and forth, the sight is very unique which is also catches the eyes of tourists. Koreatown is a very busy neighborhood, everybody seems quiet, friendly, and the interaction between elders and young people is very unique. For the description of koreatown is known for its food, beauty products and culture. There are book store and every story or everything is written in Koreana. This is a great place for other non-Korean people to learn and understand about the Korean culture. The cafes, restaurants, and other fun areas are divided in each building. There are so many businesses going on this area include; cafes, restaurants, karaoke. Furthermore, Kunjip is the Korean restaurant that offers so many delicious foods, their services are very outstanding, and friendly to their customers.
Key Words: Immigrations, Korean American, Culture, Tradition, Businesses, Diverse, Society Interactions, Foods, Korean Restaurant Wave, and Tourism
INTRODUCTION AND REMARKS
The History of Korea
The name “Korea” comes from the Koryo dynasty, which lasted from 918 A.D – 1392 A.D. Korea has also been referred to as Choson, which means “the Land of the Morning Calm”. It was called Joeson during the earliest of its ancient kingdoms (around 400 B.C) and during its final Kingdom (1392-1910). Furthermore, during A.D 668 competing Kingdoms were unified into a single dominion on the Korean Peninsula. Monarchies maintained Korean political and cultural. The last Kingdom to rule in 1392 to 1910 was Josoeon Dynasty. At the same time, Korean survived the invasion of Japan in the 16th century and Monarchies of East Asia in the early of 27th century as the results the Korea chose to limit its visibility to the outside world and later peace followed during 250 years. Unfortunately, in the 19th century France, Britain, and the United States began to make an effort to make trade and diplomatic relations with Korea. After many years of Korea’s kingdom passed, the colocalization began to take place in the 20th century where China, Japan, and Russia took control over the Korea Peninsula. However, in the 1905 century Japanese invaded the Korea Peninsula’s land for years later after the war. After 35 years of colonization, korean people suffered numerous, they suffered through economically, health, poor access to education and many things that would help them with their lives and to improve their quality of life. They depended on Industrialization and they were exposed through Japanese’s cultural after the colonization. Unfortunately, in 1945 the Japanese were defeated and the United States and the Soiviet Union invaded Korea Peninsula and divided into North and South which today is known as North Korea and South Korea. Today South Korea’s capital is Seoul and North Korea capital is Pyongyang.
THE INSIGHT OF KOREAN IN AMERICA
Koreatown in New York (Manhattan) Then and Now
After so many years passed, Korea immigrants came to the United State in the early 1950s where they began to come to pursue their life, education, and other personal issues for a better future. Furthermore, there were so many problems that occurred during their time in the United States, most of the Korean Immigrants lived in Los Angeles, Carlifornia. There are so many things that had happened before the Korean people moved to New York City. The majority of the Korean lived in other major states and cities across the United State of America.
The mention of “Koreatown” historically, has been evolved for so many years. However, the historical background about Korea in the United State in Manhattan New York City has been known for its food, culture, and business that was formed in the early 1980 in Manhattan. There are so many things happening at the Koreatown. Furthermore, in the 1980s, the majority of Korean moved to New York in Midtown, it was a great place for those who are searching for a place where the will call it home. However, there are multiple things that may become concerned on how the system is working despised of how people view the services that are being provided by the owners and workers, this hasn’t shown any kind of the signs to the other parties to distinguish the difference of how the work is being done and the services are being provided for all.
KUNJIP KOREAN RESTAURANT
About Kunjip Restaurant
Kinjip is the korean restaurant which is located 32 West 32nd Street at Koreatown and the oldest restaurant which was founded 2014 and is one of the during the first wave of korean restaurant that came to the United States. Furthermore, the success of Kinjip, known for its japchae which is the combinations of stir-fried glass noodles with vegetables and seafood pancakes, also with their specializes in bbq foods, and the Korean restaurants increased rapidly on 32nd Street. In 1993, an even number of New Yorkers were introduced to Korean food when Ruth Reichl, who is an American food writer, chef, and Culinary editor for the Modern Library from the review of “A Companion to Korean American Studies” which talks about Korean staple Kang Suh that served everything from Korean barbecue tofu soup.
Back then restaurants were open 24/7 to accommodate many diners and rising rents. Unfortunately, in 2017 Kang Suh was closed out of fear after it was swallowed by other business chains. Kunjip has a varitate delicious foods and Located in the heart of Manhattan’s Koreatown. The restaurant offers authentic Korean cuisine in a truly unique setting that dates back to medieval Korean times. The restaurant owned by family members, they offer a diverse mix of flavors with various homemade delicacies such as Korean style kimchi, dumplings, sausages, and a wide variety of soups. Their fresh ingredients grown on their own family farm, which are used to prepare special seasonal dishes including their lettuce wraps and sausage soup specials. Kunjip offers variety of seasoning and everything they provide is fresh, they wanted to make sure that the food they serve to the customers to make them feel good and happy. Something that is very surprising is that, the restaurant has a great interaction with customers and the culture is very strong you may feel like you’re in Korea.
SAMWON GARDEN BBQ
About Samwon Garden BBQ Restaurant
In contrast, Samwon Garden BBQ is also one of the oldest korean restaurant which is located 32 West 32nd Street at Koreatown and the oldest restaurant which was founded in Seoul, South Korea since 1976 by Simon Lee and is one of the during the first wave of korean restaurant that came to the United States. Furthermore, the success restaurant Samwon Garden BBQ was also one of the few in the first wave of Korean restaurants that remain open on 32nd street. However, Samwon Garden BBQ had many locations in recent years and Kunjip location in for 15 since it was closed and opened due to business franchaise. For example, Gammeeok was closed to a similar situation of Kunjip restaurant before it opened again and moved to a second-floor space to save money on rent, at $20,000 a month on a 10-year lease said Richard K the owner of the restaurant which was a result of growing fast. Although 32nd Street is still a center for Korean restaurants with all its signs, restaurants, and bars, the street has changed significantly since the ’90s.
Many businesses have closed, replaced by restaurants backed or run by chaebol, which is known as conglomerates from Korea that are essentially corporations run by family members. There are some independent restaurants that are run by single operators and are increasingly rare, even people who aren’t part of a corporation or a franchise combined their businesses, they often run multiple spots on 32nd Street.
CLOSING REMARKS
Koreatown
Koreatown may have similar version of Times Square, this place or neighborhood is very packed with chains and franchises, a consequence of higher rents, government policies, and the nature of business in Korea itself. Creative restaurateurs are expanding outward. Modern Korean small-plates restaurant Oiji is in the East Village, as is newer Korean-French fine dining spot Soogil. Korean fried-chicken gastropubs Barn Joo and Turntable both have locations next to 32nd Street, but they’ve since been able to expand downtown and in Union Square as well.
Koreatown may not be the same test like other local Korean flavor that it used to be, but the growing number of Korean restaurants across the city signal that 32nd Street is no longer the only place to get a taste of Korean culture. All kinds of New Yorkers, no matter where they’re from, they will be willing to eat and everywhere and all the way from the Financial District to Harlem.
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